COVID‐19's Impact on Immigration and Trade Preferences

Eiji Yamamura () and Fumio Ohtake

The World Economy, 2025, vol. 48, issue 7, 1578-1589

Abstract: We investigate how an unexpected disastrous transnational event influences immigration and trade preferences. Exploiting the COVID‐19 occurrence as a natural experiment, we used individual‐level panel data from 2016 to 2024, covering both the pre‐ and post‐COVID‐19 pandemic periods, to examine COVID‐19's impact. We found: First, COVID‐19 caused people to negatively view both immigration and trade, the effect being larger for immigration than trade; second, males were more likely to prefer increased immigration and trade than females before COVID‐19, however during the pandemic the gender gap closed; third, the gender gap in trade preferences persisted even during COVID‐19. Fourth, the impact on immigration preferences was greater for male workers in the sectors influenced by COVID‐19. This tendency was not observed for trade preferences.

Date: 2025
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