Estimating Average Treatment Effects Utilizing Fractional Imputation when Confounders are Subject to Missingness

Corder Nathan () and Yang Shu ()
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Corder Nathan: North Carolina State UniversityNorth Carolina, US
Yang Shu: North Carolina State UniversityNorth Carolina, US

Journal of Causal Inference, 2020, vol. 8, issue 1, 249-271

Abstract: The problem of missingness in observational data is ubiquitous. When the confounders are missing at random, multiple imputation is commonly used; however, the method requires congeniality conditions for valid inferences, which may not be satisfied when estimating average causal treatment effects. Alternatively, fractional imputation, proposed by Kim 2011, has been implemented to handling missing values in regression context. In this article, we develop fractional imputation methods for estimating the average treatment effects with confounders missing at random. We show that the fractional imputation estimator of the average treatment effect is asymptotically normal, which permits a consistent variance estimate. Via simulation study, we compare fractional imputation’s accuracy and precision with that of multiple imputation.

Keywords: Missing Data; Fractional Imputation; Multiple Imputation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:bpj:causin:v:8:y:2020:i:1:p:249-271:n:9

DOI: 10.1515/jci-2019-0024

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