Characterizing Homeland Security Risk: A Principal Component Analysis of 10 Hazards

Lundberg Russell ()
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Lundberg Russell: Department of Security Studies, 535981 Sam Houston State University , Huntsville, 77341-2296, TX, USA

Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 2025, vol. 22, issue 2, 167-183

Abstract: This research reduces the number of attributes to describe the varied risks in the homeland security domain using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Reducing the dimensions of homeland security risks to a smaller, more manageable set of characteristics can enhance policy-making processes, especially given the broad spectrum of consequence and non-consequence attributes and the varying frequencies of such events. PCA was used to reduce the larger set of risk attributes to five – representing health, economic, societal, dread and the unknown – or two – representing consequence and perceptual characteristics. While the five-component approach describes the data more completely, the two-component approach also explains a large proportion of the variance of the dataset but does so with a lower cognitive load. Either approach can provide composite variables that describe the homeland security risks in a more efficient fashion without losing excessive information on the risks.

Keywords: risk assessment; PCA; homeland security (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1515/jhsem-2023-0040

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