Place Matters: The Spatial Effects of Human Service Expenditures

Never Brent () and Westberg Drew
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Never Brent: Department of Public Affairs, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Bloch 307 5100 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Westberg Drew: Department of Economices, Coe College, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Nonprofit Policy Forum, 2016, vol. 7, issue 3, 369-388

Abstract: Place matters in human services. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) devolves spending to services, most often provided by nonprofit organizations. We argue that this devolution allows for people to “vote with their feet” (Ostrom, Tiebout, and Warren 1961: “The organization of government in metropolitan areas: A theoretical inquiry.” American Political Science Review 55:831–42) in seeking jurisdictions where there will be more spending on human services. This paper considers the spatial patterns of human service expenditures, arguing that people of lower Socio-Economic Status (SES) are less likely to benefit from higher human service spending. We use a spatial Durbin regression to indicate the effects of SES on expenditures in a home county as well as the spillover effect to surrounding counties. The results show that while human service expenditures increase as African American and Renter populations increase in a home county, they also indicate that neighboring counties free-ride on the efforts of the home jurisdiction. Likewise, as a population ages, there is a very large free-riding effect. We conclude that the decentralized TANF policy regime allows for jurisdictions to specialize in human services.

Keywords: human services; TANF; spatial regression (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
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DOI: 10.1515/npf-2015-0025

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