Optimal Real-Time Review Standards: Implications for Law Enforcement and Competitive Games

Mungan Murat C. ()
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Mungan Murat C.: Texas A&M University School of Law, Fort Worth, USA

Review of Law & Economics, 2025, vol. 21, issue 3, 579-595

Abstract: Real-time review systems are frequently used in various sports to monitor the decisions of referees and correct their mistakes. Interventions through these systems cause delays in games, which are perceived as being costly. This makes it optimal for these review systems to interfere with the decisions of the referee less frequently than would minimize the costs of decision errors, which I formalize through an analysis of the VAR system in football. This analysis also reveals that optimal review standards ought to be laxer when an important event (e.g., a goal) occurs between the position in which the potential error took place and the VAR intervention. In the near future, it may be possible to introduce similar review systems in the law enforcement context, e.g., by utilizing police officers’ body cameras. I compare optimal intervention standards in this context to their analogues in the sports context, and discuss implications.

Keywords: real-time decision review; video review; video assistant referee; VAR; review standard; clear and obvious error (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: K0 K4 K41 K42 Z2 Z28 Z29 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1515/rle-2024-0117

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