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Sainte-Laguë’s chi-square divergence for the rounding of probabilities and its convergence to a stable law

Heinrich Lothar, Pukelsheim Friedrich and Schwingenschlögl Udo

Statistics & Risk Modeling, 2004, vol. 22, issue 1, 43-60

Abstract: For rounding arbitrary probabilities on finitely many categories to rational proportions, the multiplier method with standard rounding stands out. Sainte-Laguë showed in 1910 that the method minimizes a goodness-of-fit criterion that nowadays classifies as a chi-square divergence. Assuming the given probabilities to be uniformly distributed, we derive the limiting law of the Sainte-Laguë divergence, first when the rounding accuracy increases, and then when the number of categories grows large. The latter limit turns out to be a Lévy-stable distribution.

Date: 2004
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DOI: 10.1524/stnd.22.1.43.32717

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