Lost in space? Refugee Entrepreneurship and Cultural Diversity in Spatial Contexts

Hartmann Carina () and Philipp Ralf ()
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Hartmann Carina: Institute for SME research and entrepreneurship University of Mannheim L9 1–2 68161 Mannheim Mannheim Deutschland
Philipp Ralf: Institute for SME research and entrepreneurship University of Mannheim L9 1–2 68161 Mannheim Mannheim Deutschland

ZFW – Advances in Economic Geography, 2022, vol. 66, issue 3, 151-171

Abstract: In the past decade, refugee entrepreneurship has received unprecedented political and public attention worldwide and especially in Germany. Due to the circumstances of the forced migration and asylum procedure, refugee entrepreneurs are socially disembedded in both: the co-ethnic community and in the local community, in comparison to other immigrant entrepreneurs or native entrepreneurs. Since asylum seekers are allocated to their residence independent of their will, it is crucial to assess how their socio-spatial embeddedness determines refugee entrepreneurial propensity. We depart from the abstract concept of mixed embeddedness and concretize spatial embeddedness in urban, semi-urban and rural environments. By building on the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship (KSTE), we include embeddedness in cultural diversity in our research model, too. The econometric analyses of the German Microcensus suggest, first, that refugees are especially prone to entrepreneurship. Second, intercultural embeddedness has the strongest significant positive correlation with refugee entrepreneurial propensity, compared to other immigrants and native-born. However, when including interaction effects of cultural diversity in different spaces, the positive relationship of ethnic diversity and refugee entrepreneurship holds only true in semi-urban spaces. This provides clues that refugee entrepreneurs in rural or urban environments access resources and opportunities through alternative social capital.

Keywords: Refugees entrepreneurship; Mixed embeddedness; Knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship; Socio-spatial embeddedness; Super-diversity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:bpj:zfwige:v:66:y:2022:i:3:p:151-171:n:5

DOI: 10.1515/zfw-2021-0017

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