Pseudo-embryogenic structures in anther and isolated microspore cultures in vitro: a cautionary guide

Ugur Bal, Mehran E. Shariatpanahi, Antonio J. Castro, Delphine Emery, Christophe Clément, Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani, Khadijeh Mozaffari and Alisher Touraev
Additional contact information
Ugur Bal: Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna University, Vienna, Austria
Mehran E. Shariatpanahi: Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna University, Vienna, Austria
Antonio J. Castro: Sexual Plant Reproduction Laboratory, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Granada, Spain
Delphine Emery: University of Reims, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Lab of Plant Stress Defense and Reproduction, Reims Cedex, France$3
Christophe Clément: University of Reims, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Lab of Plant Stress Defense and Reproduction, Reims Cedex, France$3
Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani: Department of Tissue Culture and Gene Transformation, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
Khadijeh Mozaffari: Department of Tissue Culture and Gene Transformation, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
Alisher Touraev: Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna University, Vienna, Austria

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 2012, vol. 48, issue 2, 51-60

Abstract: This review describes sources of structures of non-microspore origin observed in anther and microspore cultures. Various characteristics of these structures may cause a wrong diagnosis of these structures as embryos or cell/tissue clusters of microspore origin. Here we suggest such structures to be named as pseudo-embryogenic structures. The introduction of pseudo-embryogenic structures and their origins could be helpful to distinguish them from true microspore-derived structures. Prompted by certain environmental cues, somatic cells existing as a contamination in immature pollen (microspores) cultures can lead to the formation of 'pseudo-embryos' commonly known as embryoids. The pseudo-embryogenic structures may be classified in the following groups: (i) pseudo-star-like structures; pseudo-multicellular structures; (ii) pseudo-embryos with pseudo-suspensors; (iii) contaminating bacteria appearing as callus colonies; (iv) calli and embryos of somatic origin; (v) giant tetrad-like structures; (vi) anther wall cells. The exact origin of these structures is discussed in this paper, and some recommendations are proposed in order to avoid misinterpretation.

Keywords: anther culture; microspore embryogenesis; pseudo-embryogenic structures (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:48:y:2012:i:2:id:176-2011-cjgpb

DOI: 10.17221/176/2011-CJGPB

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