Characterization of blood redox status of early and mid-late lactating dairy cows

L. Cigliano, M. Strazzullo, C. Rossetti, G. Grazioli, G. Auriemma, F. Sarubbi, C. Iannuzzi, L. Iannuzzi and M.S. Spagnuolo
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L. Cigliano: Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
M. Strazzullo: Institute of Animal Production Systems in Mediterranean Environments (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
C. Rossetti: Institute of Animal Production Systems in Mediterranean Environments (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
G. Grazioli: Institute of Animal Production Systems in Mediterranean Environments (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
G. Auriemma: Institute of Animal Production Systems in Mediterranean Environments (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
F. Sarubbi: Institute of Animal Production Systems in Mediterranean Environments (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
C. Iannuzzi: Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
L. Iannuzzi: Institute of Animal Production Systems in Mediterranean Environments (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
M.S. Spagnuolo: Institute of Animal Production Systems in Mediterranean Environments (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy

Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2014, vol. 59, issue 4, 170-181

Abstract: The effect of the stage of lactation on blood redox homeostasis of bovine and buffalo cows was evaluated. The investigation was carried out on early lactating and mid-late lactating cows, reared in a farm located in Campania (southern Italy). Plasma concentration of α-tocopherol and ascorbate, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase activities were higher (P < 0.01) in mid-late lactating cows, thus suggesting a higher consumption of antioxidants during early lactation. Plasma concentration of protein-bound carbonyls (PC) and nitrotyrosine (N-Tyr), and the level of lipid hydroperoxides (LPO) were higher (P < 0.01) in early lactating cows, thus suggesting that lipid peroxidation and peroxynitrite production are crucial in determining oxidative modifications in plasma. TAC was positively correlated with ascorbate concentration (P < 0.03), and negatively correlated with PC concentration (P < 0.002), and ascorbate was negatively correlated with PC (P < 0.03) in mid-late lactating group. These findings demonstrate that circulating ascorbate plays a major role in preventing protein modifications induced by carbonyls, and that ascorbate scavenging effect is impaired during early lactation. We calculated a protein oxidative stress index as the ratio (PC + N-Tyr)/TAC multiplied by 100, and we found that this parameter was higher (P < 0.0001) in early lactating cows. Therefore, it could be useful for assessing the extent of protein oxidative damage in relation to the whole antioxidant status. Further, we suggest that the LPO/GPx ratio multiplied by 100 might be used as lipid oxidative stress index in lactating cows. This index was higher (P < 0.0001) in early lactating cows, and might represent a standard parameter for evaluating the lipid damage depending on a deficiency of the enzymatic antioxidant defence. These parameters are proposed for a possible effective description of physiological changes associated with lactation.

Keywords: lactational status; antioxidant defence; oxidative damage; biomarkers; Mediterranean Italian buffalo; Italian Holstein Friesian bovine (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:59:y:2014:i:4:id:7341-cjas

DOI: 10.17221/7341-CJAS

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