Heat stress affects the milk yield, milk composition, serum oxidative status, and metabolites of Holstein cows during mid-lactation

Xue Chen, Yongqiang Li, Jun Xiao, Jianan Dong, Wei Zhao, Zhiyi Han, Liang Xin, Guixin Qin, Tao Wang, Yuguo Zhen, Zhe Sun and Xuefeng Zhang
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Xue Chen: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Yongqiang Li: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Jun Xiao: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Jianan Dong: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Wei Zhao: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Zhiyi Han: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Liang Xin: JLAU-Borui Dairy Science and Technology R&D Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Guixin Qin: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Tao Wang: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Yuguo Zhen: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Zhe Sun: Jilin Provincial Key Lab of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China
Xuefeng Zhang: Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China

Czech Journal of Animal Science, 2023, vol. 68, issue 8, 333-345

Abstract: Seasonal heat stress and metabolic disorders during mid-lactation are the main factors limiting production in Holstein cows, and several proteins and molecules involved in metabolic pathways are altered in response to stress. We investigated the effects of heat stress on the milk yield, milk composition, serum oxidative status, and metabolites in Holstein cows during mid-lactation to identify biomarkers associated with heat stress in serum and milk. Holstein cows with similar body condition scores (3.0 ± 0.25), parity (2.5 ± 0.5), and lactation days (115 ± 5 days) were selected in August (heat stress, HS, n = 20) 2017 and March 2018 (non-heat stress, NHS, n = 20). Milk yield was recorded daily and serum was collected on days 1, 31, and 61. Serum and milk metabolites were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry on day 1. The results showed a significantly lower average daily milk yield in the HS group than in the NHS group (P < 0.05). The milk compositions of fat (%), lactoprotein, lactose yield, and milk solid-not-fat in the HS group were significantly lower than in the NHS group on days 1, 31, and 61 (P < 0.05). The levels of malondialdehyde were higher, whereas those of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were lower in the serum of the HS group (P < 0.05) than that of the NHS group. The serum concentrations of d-glucose, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, and d-lactose were significantly higher in the NHS group than in the HS group (P < 0.05). The concentrations of lactic acid and milk urea nitrogen in the NHS group were lower than those in the HS group (P < 0.05). The present data suggest that metabolic biomarkers are closely associated with heat stress in the serum and milk, which provides a basis for evaluating indicators of heat stress occurrence in mid-lactation cows.

Keywords: lactation performance; serum and milk metabolites; oxidative stress; dairy cow (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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