Improving the growth, lodging and yield of different density-resistance maize by optimising planting density and nitrogen fertilisation

Yanan Zhao, Yufang Huang, Shuai Li, Xu Chu and Youliang Ye
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Yanan Zhao: College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
Yufang Huang: College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
Shuai Li: College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
Xu Chu: College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
Youliang Ye: College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China

Plant, Soil and Environment, 2020, vol. 66, issue 9, 453-460

Abstract: Matching the planting density, fertilisation, and genotype is crucial to improve the maize yield. Here, two-year field trials, including 4 densities and 3 nitrogen (N) rates for 2 maize cultivars, were conducted to study the effects of planting density and N rate on maize growth, lodging, spike characters, and yield. Compared with 360 kg/ha, N application of 180 kg/ha decreased the plant, ear height, and stem circumference of WeiKe 702 (WK702), while increased the plant height and stem circumference, but decreased ear height of ZhongDan 909 (ZD909). Meanwhile, the N application of 180 kg/ha greatly reduced the lodging rates of maize under the high density. The maize yield increased and reached the maximum yield at 7.5 × 104 plant/ha, and then decreased with increasing density. The N application of 180 kg/ha increased yield by 0.49, 0.73, 5.38, 7.81% from low to high planting densities, and reduced the bald tip length by 18.86%. WK702 was more sensitive to the planting density and N application, with greater variation of yield and spike traits than ZD909 under the densification. Therefore, the N application of 180 kg/ha and a density of 7.5 × 104 plant/ha could improve maize growth and lodging, and therefore increase maize yield.

Keywords: Zea mays L.; crop population; excess fertilisation; competition; agronomic characteristics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:9:id:178-2020-pse

DOI: 10.17221/178/2020-PSE

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