Different technologies of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation and their effects on water runoff and soil erosion

Jiří Záruba, Pavel Formánek, David Kincl, Jan Vopravil, Helena Kusá, Pavel Růžek, David Kabelka and Pavel Kasal
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Jiří Záruba: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
Pavel Formánek: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
David Kincl: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
Jan Vopravil: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
Helena Kusá: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
Pavel Růžek: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
David Kabelka: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic
Pavel Kasal: Potato Research Institute Havlíčkův Brod, Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic

Plant, Soil and Environment, 2023, vol. 69, issue 5, 238-246

Abstract: Surface runoff and soil losses in the case of potato cultivation using de-stoning technology on gentle slopes (Haplic Cambisol) were studied in 2020-2022. Different ridges shapes were compared: control (smooth shaped ridges), pits, pits plus loosening, pits plus loosening plus cover crop (Triticum aestivum L.) sowing in trail furrows. Runoff and soil losses were studied approximately 1 and 2 months after planting potatoes. The obtained results showed the highest reduction of surface runoff and soil losses in the treatment with cover crop sowing. In this variant, soil losses were reduced by 65-81% (1 month after planting) and 54-85% (2 months after planting) in case of simulated rainfall on the soil with natural moisture (or these losses were reduced by 51-93% and 50-76% in case of 15-min rainfall). On average, tuber yields reached 29.4 t/ha (pits + loosening) to 30.6 t/ha (pits) in 2020-2022. The different abilities of the tested shapes of ridges and furrows to retain water did not significantly affect the achieved yields of tubers, as rainfall was not a limiting factor in the monitored period. The yield differences among all tested treatments reached units of tons per hectare if the entire dose of nitrogen was applied at planting. Splitting the total nitrogen dose (50% at planting, 50% at loosening) gave significantly (P < 0.05) higher yields (34.2 t/ha) than a single application at planting. The treatment pits plus loosening with fertilisation provided a 19-26% higher tuber yield than pits plus loosening with a total N dose applied at planting.

Keywords: crop canopy; erodibility; fertiliser; water retention; wheat (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:69:y:2023:i:5:id:149-2023-pse

DOI: 10.17221/149/2023-PSE

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