Phosphorus application rates affect the grain yields of different phosphorus-tolerant rice cultivars by regulating grain filling and leaf senescence characteristics

Danke Zhang, Yuyang Li, Hairun Li, Haojing Li, Xihui Zhao, Jing Cao and Guowei Xu
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Danke Zhang: College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Yuyang Li: College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Hairun Li: College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Haojing Li: College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Xihui Zhao: College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Jing Cao: College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Guowei Xu: College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China

Plant, Soil and Environment, 2025, vol. 71, issue 5, 363-380

Abstract: The grain filling and physiological traits of different phosphorus-tolerant rice cultivars and phosphorus fertiliser rates have not been fully studied. A pot-growth experiment with cv. Lianjing 7 (weak phosphorus tolerance) and cv. Yongyou 2640 (strong phosphorus tolerance) was conducted using four phosphorus rates, namely, 0 (P0), 0.44 (P1), 0.88 (P2), and 1.32 g/pot (P3). Results indicated that grain yield, net photosynthetic rate, soil and plant analyser development (SPAD) value, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity in leaves, and adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) and sucrose synthase (SuSase) activity in grains increased and then decreased with increasing phosphorus fertiliser rate, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves decreased first and then increased. The above indexes of cv. Lianjing 7 and cv. Yongyou 2640 were optimal at P2 and P1 treatments, respectively. The grain yield, net photosynthetic rate, SPAD value, AGPase content, SuSase content in grains, and SOD and CAT activity in the leaves of cv. Yongyou 2640 were higher, whereas the MDA content was lower than those of cv. Lianjing 7. Correlation analysis showed that AGPase and SuSase activity in superior and inferior grains, photosynthetic rate, and SOD and CAT activity in the leaves were significant or highly significantly positively correlated with grain-filling rate and rice yield. Therefore, the adoption of appropriate phosphorus fertiliser rates can increase the activity of enzymes related to starch synthesis in different phosphorus-tolerant rice, enhance antioxidant systems in leaves at the filling stage, reduce leaf MDA content, and delay leaf senescence. These effects are beneficial to grain filling and increase grain yield.

Keywords: Oryza sativa L.; nutrition; adaptability; grain filling characteristics; starch metabolic enzyme; antioxidant enzyme (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:5:id:125-2025-pse

DOI: 10.17221/125/2025-PSE

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