À quoi servent les théories évolutionnistes ? Réflexions et outils pour faire face aux crises contemporaines

Nathalie Lazaric

Regards croisés sur l'économie, 2021, vol. n° 29, issue 2, 140-150

Abstract: Nelson and Winter (1982) designed a new epistemology to have a better understanding of innovation, firm survival, collective capabilities, and missions-oriented policy. This empirical approach analyses, in a framework including potential imperfection of organisations and markets, the technological trajectories, missions and challenges of innovation. Contemporary macroeconomic models allow us to rethink complexity and structural changes, and explore new missions of the State beyond the realms of technology and organisations. Indeed, the State must address the ?grand challenges? of capitalism with the rise of social inequalities, climate change and radical uncertainty (the recent Covid-19 crisis was a perfect illustration of this new challenge). Starting from stylized facts, this paradigm greatly contributes to better understand the past and suggests multiple futures that remain to be built.

Date: 2021
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