Politiques pro-biocarburants et climatique américaines: impact sur les choix énergétiques du Brésil et des Etats-Unis et bilan carbone

Ujjayant Chakravorty (), Marie-Hélène Hubert and Michel Moreaux

Revue économique, 2010, vol. 61, issue 1, 213-247

Abstract: In this paper, a partial trade equilibrium model is developed to explore the impacts of US energy policies on the use and trade of first-generation biofuels (ethanol) and second-generation biofuels (ligno-cellulosic ethanol) in the United-States and Brazil. In addition, we investigate their impacts on direct and indirect carbon emissions. The first policy is the biofuels mandatory target. The second defines a cap on carbon emissions. Our study reveals that the biofuels mandatory target encourages ligno-cellulosic ethanol production, reductions in carbon emissions being marginal. The second policy increases energy prices leading to a decrease in energy consumption as well as in direct carbon emissions. However, this policy has a significant impact on deforestation in Brazil resulting in a rise in indirect carbon emissions. The biofuels subsidy needed to reach the mandatory target amounts to US $ 1.1 per gallon. The US carbon tax reaches US $ 120 per ton equivalent carbon. A differential tax is imposed on gasoline, ethanol and ligno-cellulosic ethanol based on the carbon content. It is respectively equal to US $ 0.38, US $ 0.204 and US $ 0.024.

Keywords: Biofuels Mandatory Target; Climate Policy; Land-Use; Biofuels Subsidy; Carbon Tax (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2010
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Related works:
Working Paper: Politiques pro-biocarburants et climatique américaines: impact sur les choix énergétiques du Brésil et des Etats-Unis et bilan carbone (2010)
Working Paper: Politiques pro-biocarburants et climatique américaines: impact sur les choix énergétiques du Brésil et des Etats-Unis et bilan carbone (2009)
Working Paper: Politiques pro-biocarburants et climatique américaines: impact sur les choix énergétiques du Brésil et des Etats-Unis et bilan carbone (2009)
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