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Financial Economics — an Investment Actuary's Viewpoint

R.S. Clarkson

British Actuarial Journal, 1996, vol. 2, issue 4, 809-972

Abstract: The paper compares and contrasts the theories and methodologies of financial economics with generalisations drawn from practical experience of institutional investment management. A Dynamic Equilibrium Model is put forward as a much more realistic theoretical framework than the Sharpe Diagonal Model, a downside theory of risk is developed from sports analogies, and a detailed model of human behaviour, incorporating benchmark levels of ‘unintelligent’, ‘intelligent’, ‘optimal’ and ‘rational’ behaviour, is suggested as a replacement for the very restrictive simplifying assumptions of existing theories. On the basis of a classification system derived from parallels with the history of astronomy, it is concluded that, as a scientific framework, the current theories of financial economics are seriously incomplete, the two crucial areas of incompleteness being the absence of a downside theory of risk and the absence of a realistic model of human behaviour under conditions of risk and uncertainty.

Date: 1996
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