Estimation of Liver Enzymes and Ammonia in Methamphetamine Abusers in Khartoum State

Azhar Sharif Fadlalmawla Alnaeem1 (), Ahmed Siddig Akasha Hassan (), Shiraz Jahalrsool Abdallah Jahalrsool (), Hassan Mohammed Alhassan Mohammed (), Esraa Omer Mustafa Hassan (), Safaa Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim (), Abdelaziz Hamza Alhaj Ibrahim () and Braah Mohamed Omer Noureen ()

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT), 2026, vol. 11, issue 03, 1302-1307

Abstract:  Background: Substance abuse poses significant health challenges, including hepatic and metabolic disruptions. "Ice Crystal" (Shabu), a methamphetamine-based drug, is widely abused and associated with severe physiological effects. Despite its prevalence, limited research exists on its impact on liver enzymes and ammonia levels in users.  Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Ice Crystal (Shabu) use on liver enzyme activity and ammonia levels and to examine correlations between substance usage patterns, demographics, and biochemical changes.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2022, involving 50 Ice Crystal users (test group) and 50 non-users (control group). Blood samples were collected from all participants, and liver enzyme activity and ammonia levels were assessed using an automated chemistry analyzer. Statistical analyses were performed to compare biochemical markers between the groups and identify associations with variables such as age, gender, usage method, and quantity.  Results: The results revealed a significant elevation in liver enzyme activity and ammonia levels among the test group compared to the control group, with p-values of 0.005 and 0.001, respectively. Furthermore, positive correlations were observed between substance usage patterns (method and quantity), demographic factors (age and gender), and biochemical changes.  Conclusion: Ice Crystal (Shabu) use is significantly associated with elevated liver enzymes and ammonia levels, highlighting its potential to cause liver damage and metabolic disturbances. These findings emphasize the urgent need to raise awareness about the adverse health effects of methamphetamine abuse and advocate for preventive interventions to safeguard public health.

Keywords: Liver Enzymes; Ammonia; Methamphetamine Abusers; Khartoum State. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:cvr:ijisrt:2026:03:ijisrt26mar782

DOI: 10.38124/ijisrt/26mar782

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