Comparison of clinical efficacy and dosing regimens between Nirsevimab and Palivizumab for prophylaxis against RSV in the pediatric population

Lucila María Pellecchia and Facundo Juan Manuel Correa

SAP Primary Care, 2025

Abstract: Background: Respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants, leading to significant hospitalization rates in Argentina. For decades, Palivizumab was the only effective prophylactic option, but its multiple-dose regimen and limited accessibility reduced its impact. Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, emerges as an innovative alternative, providing sustained protection with a single seasonal dose. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and SciELO, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, observational studies, and pediatric society guidelines published up to April 2024. Results: Nirsevimab demonstrated a significant reduction in hospitalizations related to RSV, surpassing Palivizumab and improving adherence. When combined with maternal vaccination, its effectiveness and cost-efficiency were further enhanced across multiple clinical settings. Conclusion: Nirsevimab represents a highly effective, safe, and easy-to-implement strategy with the potential to transform infant RSV prevention policies. However, additional studies in local populations are essential to evaluate long-term effectiveness, feasibility, and sustainability.

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:cwf:pcarti:pc202518

DOI: 10.62486/pc202518

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