Unraveling ADHD: Evidence, controversies, and new therapeutic opportunities

Fidel Aguilar Medrano, Freddy Ednildon Bautista-Vanegas, Isis Scarleth Funes Galindo, Carmen Julia Salvatierra Rocha, Henrry Temis Quisbert Vasquez, Reyna Georgina-Gonzales, Ingrid Neysa Cabezas-Soliz, Delly Espejo-Alanoca and Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santivañez
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Fidel Aguilar Medrano: Hospital Municipal de Morón Ostaciana B. De Lavignolle: Buenos Aires. Argentina
Freddy Ednildon Bautista-Vanegas: Kliniken Beelitz GmbH Neurologische Rehabilitationsklinik: Beelitz Heilstätten, Brandenburg, DE. Germany
Isis Scarleth Funes Galindo: Instituto Nacional de Previsión del Magisterio. Clínica municipal de emergencias Talanga. Honduras
Carmen Julia Salvatierra Rocha: Seguro Social Universitario Santa Cruz. Clinica Foianiani. Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
Henrry Temis Quisbert Vasquez: Hospital del Niño Manuel Ascencio Villarroel. Cochabamba, Bolivia
Reyna Georgina-Gonzales: Ministerio de Salud y Deportes. Instituto Académico Científico Quispe-Cornejo. La Paz, Bolivia
Ingrid Neysa Cabezas-Soliz: Ministerio de Salud y Deportes. Instituto Académico Científico Quispe-Cornejo. La Paz, Bolivia
Delly Espejo-Alanoca: Ministerio de Salud y Deportes. Instituto Académico Científico Quispe-Cornejo. La Paz, Bolivia
Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santivañez: Ministerio de Salud y Deportes. Instituto Académico Científico Quispe-Cornejo. La Paz, Bolivia

Neurodivergences, 2025, vol. 4, 190

Abstract: Introduction. ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, affecting millions of children and adults worldwide. The significance of ADHD extends far beyond its prevalence. It impacts multiple areas of life, including academic achievement, job performance, relationships, and mental health. Significant challenges remain in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Methods. A search for information was conducted from January to June 2025 in the databases SciELO, Scopus, PubMed/MedLine, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, as well as Clinical Keys services. From the resulting documents, those written in the last 10 years were selected; this time range was prioritized; some systematic reviews covered broader periods, such as the last 5 years, the last 10 years, or even did not apply a specific date limit. Conclusions. Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) represents a multifactorial challenge that transcends the clinical context to involve neurobiological, psychosocial, and cultural dimensions. Empowering patients and their families through psychoeducation strengthens understanding of the disorder, especially in vulnerable populations such as children, adolescents, and young adults. Investing in research, therapeutic innovation, and equitable public policies will be key to transforming ADHD care into a real opportunity to improve the quality of life for those who suffer from it.

Keywords: ADHD; Attention-Deficit Disorder; Hyperactivity; Impulsivity; Inattention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:cwj:neurod:v:4:y:2025:id:190

DOI: 10.56294/neuro2025190

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