Arterial hypertension: an update

Ruth Elizabeth Calderón Landívar, Teresa Lisbeth Campos Silva, Girson Aaron López Gutiérrez and Jenrry Fredy Chávez-Arizala

SCT Proceedings in Interdisciplinary Insights and Innovations, 2024, vol. 2, 10.56294/piii2024329

Abstract: Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with a significant increase in cardiovascular risk. Understanding its pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical features, and treatment options is essential for its effective management. To synthesize the available information on the pathophysiology of HTN, associated risk factors, its clinical features, and current treatments, as well as research on associated lifestyles Development: The pathophysiology of HTN involves complex mechanisms that include endothelial dysfunction, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and insulin resistance. Risk factors include obesity, sedentary lifestyle, excessive sodium consumption, and smoking. Clinically, HTN may be asymptomatic or manifest with symptoms such as headaches and dizziness. Treatments include lifestyle changes, antihypertensive medications, and complementary therapies. Recent research highlights the negative impact of unhealthy lifestyles, such as unhealthy diets and lack of exercise, on the development and progression of HTN. Early identification of risk factors and promotion of a healthy lifestyle are essential. Interventions in dietary habits and physical activity can significantly reduce the incidence and impact of HTN. It is crucial that both health professionals and patients are informed about the importance of adopting sustainable lifestyle changes

Date: 2024
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