Psychological and Dental Approach to Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Challenges and Inclusive Strategies

Gabriela Laura Fiszman

SCT Proceedings in Interdisciplinary Insights and Innovations, 2025, vol. 3, 10.56294/piii2025419

Abstract: The research addressed the psychological and dental management of paediatric patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The evolution of diagnostic classifications was highlighted, from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5, where the term ASD was consolidated, encompassing various manifestations of the spectrum and emphasising characteristics such as deficits in social communication and repetitive patterns of behaviour. Psychological theories such as the theory of mind, executive functions and central coherence were also analysed, which explained the cognitive, social and behavioural difficulties associated with ASD. From a clinical point of view, significant challenges in dental care were identified, attributable to the behavioural complexity of these patients, their preference for certain foods and the oral consequences of the medications used. Frequent pathologies such as caries, gingivitis and bruxism were also documented, as well as the oral side effects derived from the use of psychotropic drugs. The research concluded that a successful approach requires trained professionals capable of implementing personalised strategies based on empathy, patience and interdisciplinary resources such as music therapy. In addition, the fundamental role of families and caregivers in the supervision of oral hygiene was underlined, positioning them as allies in the dental team. It was emphasised that the continuous training of dentists in the management of ASD is not only essential, but also reflects a commitment to inclusive, supportive care adapted to the needs of each patient.

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:dbk:procee:v:3:y:2025:i::p:1056294piii2025419:id:1056294piii2025419

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