Heat Monitor 2024: Following the Energy Crisis, Prices for Heating Energy Sources Are Developing Very Differently

Sophie M. Behr and Till Köveker

DIW Weekly Report, 2025, vol. 15, issue 49, 333-345

Abstract: In 2024, the heating energy demand of households in Germany remained at a similar level as in 2023. Thus, the heating energy savings achieved during the energy crisis were maintained, as data from real estate service provider ista SE show. Compared to 2023, CO₂ emissions fell by three percent after adjusting for temperature. Although heating energy prices rose on average by only 6.2 percent in 2024, there were significant differences between the individual energy sources: heating oil prices fell by ten percent, while natural gas prices rose by five percent and district heating prices by 27 percent compared to 2023. The opposite was true in 2023, when gas and heating oil prices rose sharply in 2023, while the price of district heating remained constant. The price increase for district heating in 2024 is primarily due to a delayed passing on of gas and oil price increases. District heating plays an important role in achieving climate targets, but its acceptance could decline if prices were to remain higher permanently. To counteract this, a stable regulatory framework is needed to ensure greater investment security for households and energy suppliers, as well as greater transparency in pricing.

Keywords: Heating demand; heating costs; building energy efficiency; residential buildings; gas prices; price breaks (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q21 Q40 R31 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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