The Impact of Corruption on Environmental Quality in the Developing Countries of ASEAN 3: The Application of the Bound Test

Abdul Rahim Ridzuan, Noraina Mazuin Sapuan, Nur Hayati Abd Rahman, Halimahton Borhan and Azhana Othman
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Abdul Rahim Ridzuan: Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia,
Noraina Mazuin Sapuan: College of Business Management and Accounting, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Pahang, Malaysia.
Nur Hayati Abd Rahman: Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia,
Halimahton Borhan: Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia,
Azhana Othman: Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia,

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2019, vol. 9, issue 6, 469-478

Abstract: This paper has examined the short-run and long-run relationships between economic growth, energy consumption, foreign direct investment, trade openness, financial development, corruption, urban population and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in three developing countries of ASEAN, i.e., Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines (ASEAN-3), with data from 1970 to 2017. Special emphasis has been given to the level of corruption in these three countries as several recent media releases have reported that many firms have been conducting unlawful activities by importing large amounts of waste from developed countries and these wastes, including plastic waste, have been burnt in open spaces and have caused higher releases of carbon emissions. Long-run elasticity results have proven that the higher level of corruption in these three ASEAN countries has caused more environmental pollution. Meanwhile, other tested variables have shown mixed findings across the three tested countries. Improvement of institutional quality is urgently needed for ASEAN-3 countries by adopting more transparent laws and the imposition of heavier penalties on corrupt officials and even on the entrepreneurs who have engaged in unlawful business activities that have caused higher environmental pollution.

Keywords: Environmental Quality; Corruption; Bound Estimation; ASEAN-3. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F64 O57 P28 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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