Impacts of Carbon Pricing on Developing Economies

Jane Koh, Shazali Johari, Ahmad Shuib, Nitanan Koshy Matthew and May Ling Siow
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Jane Koh: Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia,
Shazali Johari: Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
Ahmad Shuib: School of Business and Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia,
Nitanan Koshy Matthew: Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia,
May Ling Siow: Faculty of Design and Architecture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2021, vol. 11, issue 4, 298-311

Abstract: Carbon pricing is widely recognized as an effective policy instrument for climate change mitigation. Carbon pricing have been imposed in 39 developed countries and eight middle-income countries. Eight more middle-income countries are considering its implementation. As experiences from industrialized countries may not be relevant to developing countries, this literature review fills a knowledge gap by collating the impacts of carbon pricing in developing economies to facilitate cross-learning. Some developing countries still have distortionary subsidies in place, while others are going through environmental fiscal reforms to nudge their societies and economies towards greenhouse gases emission reduction. Various studies demonstrated that safeguards introduced with carbon pricing could help firms to transition while maintaining the motivation to innovate to stay competitive. At the household level, given different energy consumption patterns, carbon pricing in developing economies is not necessarily regressive, especially for rural population. Aggregate impacts to employment rate and gross domestic product change over time as the economy restructures towards decarbonization. A well-designed carbon pricing policy package with revenue recycling mechanisms tailored to the socioeconomic circumstances of the country could achieve multiple dividends of economic growth, increased employment, improved equality, national debt reduction or accomplishment of other sustainable development goals.

Keywords: Carbon tax; emissions trading system; developing countries; competitiveness; distributional impact; economic impact. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: H23 Q56 Q58 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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