Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in BRIC Countries

Zeinegul Yessymkhanova, Gulmira Azretbergenova and Ainura Saparova
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Zeinegul Yessymkhanova: Esil University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Gulmira Azretbergenova: Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan
Ainura Saparova: Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2024, vol. 14, issue 1, 371-376

Abstract: The relationship between economic growth and the environment is an issue that economists have emphasized in recent years. As the effects of environmental problems such as global warming, air pollution, increased use of natural resources, and CO2 emissions have been felt especially since the 1990s, environmental and energy issues have become of primary importance in the field of economic growth in international platforms. For this reason, environmental problems constitute the main agenda in the international arena today. The work of Kuznets (1955) has an important place in this field. In this study, it is aimed to test the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for the period covering 1980-2021 in BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) countries. For this purpose, panel cointegration analysis was performed in the study, and according to the results, it was observed that the EKC hypothesis is not valid for BRIC countries and there is a U-shaped relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions.

Keywords: BRIC; Environmental Kuznets Curve; Energy Consumption; Pedroni Cointegration (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C23 O44 Q43 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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