Economic Viability of Vehicle-to-Vehicle Energy Trading in EV Charging Ecosystems

Tobiloba Emmanuel Somefun (), Oluwafemi Emmanuel Oni () and Omowunmi Mary Longe ()
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Tobiloba Emmanuel Somefun: University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
Oluwafemi Emmanuel Oni: University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
Omowunmi Mary Longe: University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, 516-524

Abstract: This study investigates the economic feasibility of Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) energy trading from the perspective of electric vehicle (EV) owners acting as energy providers. A milestone has been achieved due to advancements in technology in bidirectional charging systems. However, the profitability of peer-to-peer energy transfers remains underexplored. In this study, a return on investment (ROI) framework is developed in MATLAB/Simulink, which incorporates battery degradation costs, variable energy pricing (flat and time-of-use), and controlled discharge profiles. Simulation results using a 48?V, 100?Ah lithium-ion battery reveal that ROI is most sensitive to V2V sale price and battery cost, while charging tariff exerts limited influence. Break-even analysis shows that ROI becomes positive when sales price exceeds R3.60/kWh or battery cost drops below R14,000. Furthermore, three-dimensional sensitivity surfaces confirm that the economic viability of V2V energy exchange is primarily constrained by capital cost and revenue dynamics. These findings provide actionable insights for designing market-driven V2V frameworks and guiding policy interventions aimed at promoting distributed energy sharing.

Keywords: Energy Trading; V2V; ROI; Degradation Cost; Break-Even Points (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.32479/ijeep.20805

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