Global inequalities in countries' demand for raw materials: Twenty years of expansion and insufficient convergence

Juan Antonio Duro, Noemí Ramirez, Hanspeter Wieland, Dominik Wiedenhofer and Helmut Haberl

Ecological Economics, 2025, vol. 234, issue C

Abstract: Understanding global patterns of resource use and their underlying drivers is crucial for environmental sustainability. Because production and consumption are globally highly interconnected, dynamic, and unequally distributed, examinations of changes in cross-country differences in resource use can shed light on questions of development, equity, and responsibility for environmental pressures.

Keywords: Material footprint; Cross-country inequalities; Income groups; Sustainability; Social metabolism; Material flow analysis (MFA) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:234:y:2025:i:c:s0921800925000837

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108600

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