Evaluating energy burden at the urban scale: A spatial regression approach in Cincinnati, Ohio

David Moore and Amanda L. Webb

Energy Policy, 2022, vol. 160, issue C

Abstract: Energy burden, the proportion of household income spent on energy costs, is driven by numerous social, economic, and material factors which also vary spatially. Efforts to identify high energy burden households have often omitted this spatial component, resulting in an incomplete picture of energy burden dynamics. The goal of this study is to examine the predictors of energy burden at the urban scale using spatial regression. A combination of ordinary least squares regression, geographically weighted regression (GWR), and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) were used to predict energy burden from a range of socioeconomic and physical predictors in Cincinnati, Ohio. The results indicate that socioeconomic variables, especially income-related variables, are the strongest predictors of energy burden, and that spatial models resulted in a better model fit than non-spatial models. The best fitting model showed that lower median household income, and higher proportions of households in poverty, non-white residents, gas-heated households, and two-family buildings were significant predictors of energy burden. These results highlight the need for more effective income-based targeting of energy assistance programs, and provide an example of how spatial analysis methods can be used to help cities develop data-driven policy to reduce energy burden.

Keywords: Fuel poverty; Energy insecurity; Energy justice; Geographically weighted regression; Multiscale geographically weighted regression (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:enepol:v:160:y:2022:i:c:s0301421521005164

DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112651

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