Working across time zones: Exporters and the gender wage gap

Esther Ann Bøler, Beata Javorcik and Karen Helene Ulltveit-Moe

Journal of International Economics, 2018, vol. 111, issue C, 122-133

Abstract: This study argues that there is a systematic difference in the gender wage gap (GWG) between exporting firms and non-exporters. Exporters may require greater commitment from their employees, such as working particular hours to communicate with partners in different time zones or travelling at short notice, and may therefore disproportionately reward employee flexibility. If women are less flexible, or perceived as such, exporters will exhibit a higher GWG than non-exporters. This hypothesis is examined using matched employer-employee data from the Norwegian manufacturing sector for 1996–2010. The results suggest a firm's entry into exporting increases the GWG by about 3 percentage points for college educated workers. A lower overlap in business hours between the Norwegian exporter and its foreign markets and a greater need for interactions with foreign buyers are associated with a higher GWG.

Keywords: Exporters; Globalization; Gender wage gap (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F10 F14 F16 J16 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (83)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:inecon:v:111:y:2018:i:c:p:122-133

DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2017.12.008

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