Arming in the global economy: The importance of trade with enemies and friends

Michelle Garfinkel, Constantinos Syropoulos () and Yoto Yotov

Journal of International Economics, 2020, vol. 123, issue C

Abstract: We analyze how trade openness matters for interstate conflict over productive resources. Our analysis features a terms-of-trade channel that makes security policies trade-regime dependent. Specifically, trade between two adversaries reduces each one's incentive to arm given the opponent's arming. If these countries have a sufficiently similar mix of initial resource endowments, greater trade openness brings with it a reduction in resources diverted to conflict and thus wasted, as well as the familiar gains from trade. Although a move to trade can otherwise induce greater arming by one country and thus need not be welfare improving for both, aggregate arming falls. By contrast, when the two adversaries do not trade with each other but instead trade with a third (friendly) country, a move from autarky to trade intensifies conflict between the two adversaries, inducing greater arming. With data from the years surrounding the end of the Cold War, we exploit the contrasting implications of trade costs between enemies versus trade costs between friends to provide some suggestive evidence in support of the theory.

Keywords: Resource insecurity; Interstate disputes; Conflict; Arming; Trade openness; Comparative advantage (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D30 D74 F10 F51 F52 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (12)

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Related works:
Working Paper: Arming in the Global Economy: The Importance of Trade with Enemies and Friends (2019)
Working Paper: Arming in the Global Economy: The Importance of Trade with Enemies and Friends (2019)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:inecon:v:123:y:2020:i:c:s0022199620300143

DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2020.103295

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