Hawkes process modeling of COVID-19 with mobility leading indicators and spatial covariates

Wen-Hao Chiang, Xueying Liu and George Mohler

International Journal of Forecasting, 2022, vol. 38, issue 2, 505-520

Abstract: Hawkes processes are used in statistical modeling for event clustering and causal inference, while they also can be viewed as stochastic versions of popular compartmental models used in epidemiology. Here we show how to develop accurate models of COVID-19 transmission using Hawkes processes with spatial-temporal covariates. We model the conditional intensity of new COVID-19 cases and deaths in the U.S. at the county level, estimating the dynamic reproduction number of the virus within an EM algorithm through a regression on Google mobility indices and demographic covariates in the maximization step. We validate the approach on both short-term and long-term forecasting tasks, showing that the Hawkes process outperforms several models currently used to track the pandemic, including an ensemble approach and an SEIR-variant. We also investigate which covariates and mobility indices are most important for building forecasts of COVID-19 in the U.S.

Keywords: COVID-19 forecasting; Hawkes processes; Mobility indices; Spatial covariate; Demographic covariate; Epidemic modeling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (9)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:intfor:v:38:y:2022:i:2:p:505-520

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2021.07.001

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