Hedging desperation: How kinship networks reduced cannibalism in historical China

Zhiwu Chen, Zhan Lin and Xiaoming Zhang

Journal of Comparative Economics, 2024, vol. 52, issue 2, 361-382

Abstract: Survival cannibalism persisted across human societies until recently. What drove the decline in cannibalism and other forms of violence? Using data from the 1470–1910 period, this paper documents that in historical China, the Confucian clan—an institutionalized kinship network—acted as an informal internal market to facilitate intra-clan resource pooling and risk-sharing, thus reducing the need for cannibalism during times of drought-related famine. The risk mitigation role of the clan remains robust after controlling for economic development and other factors and ruling out alternative channels. Thus, kinship networks and their associated culture contributed to human civilizational development before the advent of formal markets.

Keywords: Kinship networks; Confucianism; Cannibalism; Violence; Risk mitigation; Resource pooling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: G20 N35 O17 Z13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jcecon:v:52:y:2024:i:2:p:361-382

DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2024.01.003

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