Two decades of European self-employment: Is the answer to who becomes self-employed different over time and countries?

Marc Cowling, Jose Maria Millan and Wei Yue

Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 2019, vol. 12, issue C

Abstract: •The gender gap in Old Europe has diminished significantly and is estimated to be as low as 6–7%.•The gender gap in New Europe remains large and could be as high as four times that in Old Europe.•The propensity to become self-employed increases in age past the common retirement age of 65.•The education structure of the self-employed is such that the lowest and highest educated both prefer self-employment.•Political and economic turmoil takes a generation to work its way through the system, but it is associated with higher rates of self-employment.

Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352673418300970
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jobuve:v:12:y:2019:i:c:s2352673418300970

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbvi.2019.e00138

Access Statistics for this article

Journal of Business Venturing Insights is currently edited by Dimo Dimov

More articles in Journal of Business Venturing Insights from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().