Critical minerals: A new source of macroeconomic fluctuation?

Luccas Assis Attílio

Resources Policy, 2025, vol. 101, issue C

Abstract: Energy transition involves the utilization of critical minerals. We investigate whether critical mineral (CM) prices (nickel, cobalt, lithium, and rare earth) contribute to macroeconomic fluctuations. Employing a GVAR with 34 economies from July 2012 to July 2023, our results reveal that most economies are sensitive to cobalt and lithium prices, suggesting these minerals could potentially induce a global recession accompanied by increasing inflation. Considering the predominant influence of oil prices, we compare the importance of oil and critical mineral prices in domestic fluctuations. Despite the potential for deep fluctuations caused by CM prices, our findings indicate that oil prices will maintain their position as a relevant global factor. Subsequently, we observed that oil prices affect critical mineral prices (but not vice versa). This suggests that oil and CM have a complex relationship marked by complementarities. To address the impact of Covid-19 on CM prices and the diminished importance of CM in the previous millennium, we adjusted our analysis period. The results remain robust to these modifications. Similar to oil and commodity prices, CM prices possess the potential to trigger international fluctuations and promote tensions in financial markets.

Keywords: Critical mineral prices; Macroeconomic fluctuation; Oil prices; Financial markets (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E30 F41 Q43 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jrpoli:v:101:y:2025:i:c:s0301420725000194

DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105477

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