The impact of protection devices on the availability of low-voltage direct current microgrids

Glenn Emmers, Tom Van Acker, Simon Ravyts and Johan Driesen

Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 2025, vol. 262, issue C

Abstract: This paper presents a method to determine the impact of low-voltage direct current circuit breakers on the availability of the dc bus. Low-voltage direct current is gaining traction in industry, and protection is an important aspect. New circuit breaker technologies are extensively researched, but the impact of the speed of interruption on direct current bus availability has not yet been investigated. This paper demonstrates how to determine the fault clearance probability, which is used to set up state transition diagrams for the feeder states. These state transition diagrams are solved using the semi-Markov process. The solutions of the semi-Markov process are used in the UGO method to determine the availability of the direct current bus. Furthermore, the results depend on the length of the feeder, the capacitance of the direct current bus and the minimum allowed voltage. For feeders with a fault clearance probability lower than 100%, the number of feeders also influences the availability of the direct current bus.

Keywords: Protection; Availability; Semi-Markov; Stochastic (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:reensy:v:262:y:2025:i:c:s0951832025003916

DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2025.111190

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