Multi-state k-out-of-n: F network system performance evaluation by considering a balance dependence mechanism

Hongda Gao, Tengfei Tu, Chen Fang and Xiaoguang Zhou

Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 2025, vol. 264, issue PA

Abstract: In recent years, the balanced system reliability models have attracted a lot of research interests because of its strong application potential, for example in the fields of unmanned systems, energy supply systems, and production systems, etc. Network models exist widely in reality, which gives birth to the research of equilibrium system model under network structure. This study extends the binary-state k-out-of-n model to a multi-state framework, where both the components and system could exhibit varying operational conditions. In specific, firstly, the definition of the k-out-of-n: F balanced system is given by introducing a multi-state system model in which the components could be fully operational, partially operational, or failed. Secondly, we describe the system balance condition which is redefined to maintain an equal number of operational components in different working levels across in an individual sector. Thirdly, the new reliability formulas will be derived that account for the system reliability, utilizing both the order statistics and Markov chain model techniques. Finally, numerical examples highlight the practical implications and improved realism of the proposed reliability models.

Keywords: Balanced system; Multi-state component; k-out-of-n: F system; Markov chain; Reliability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832025004922
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:reensy:v:264:y:2025:i:pa:s0951832025004922

DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2025.111291

Access Statistics for this article

Reliability Engineering and System Safety is currently edited by Carlos Guedes Soares

More articles in Reliability Engineering and System Safety from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().