Exhaust emissions with ethanol or n-butanol diesel fuel blends during transient operation: A review

Evangelos G. Giakoumis, Constantine D. Rakopoulos, Athanasios M. Dimaratos and Dimitrios C. Rakopoulos

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013, vol. 17, issue C, 170-190

Abstract: The present work reviews the literature concerning the effects of alcohol/diesel blends on the exhaust emissions of diesel engines operating under transient conditions, i.e., acceleration, load increase, starting and transient/driving cycles. Two very promising alcohols are covered in this survey, namely ethanol and n-butanol. The analysis focuses on all regulated exhaust pollutants, i.e., particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC), with results for unregulated emissions, carbon dioxide and combustion noise radiation also included. The main mechanisms of exhaust emissions during transients are identified and discussed, with respect to the fundamental aspects of transient operation and the differing properties of alcohols relative to the reference diesel oil. Based on the published studies up today, summarization of emissions data and cumulative trends are presented, for the purpose of quantifying the alcohol blends benefits or penalties on the regulated emissions during various driving cycles. Particularly for the emitted PM and smoke, a statistically significant correlation with the oxygen content exists (R2=0.85 and 0.95, respectively). A similar correlation holds true for the heavy-duty, engine-dynamometer data of engine-out CO. Finally, a detailed list is provided that summarizes the main data from all studies published so far.

Keywords: Diesel engine; Ethanol; n-Butanol; Transient operation; Exhaust emissions; Transient/driving cycle (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (50)

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032112005187
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:rensus:v:17:y:2013:i:c:p:170-190

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/bibliographic
http://www.elsevier. ... 600126/bibliographic

DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.09.017

Access Statistics for this article

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews is currently edited by L. Kazmerski

More articles in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews from Elsevier
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu ().