Recent advancements in water emulsion fuel to explore efficient and cleaner production from various biodiesels: A retrospective review

Suresh Vellaiyan

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2023, vol. 187, issue C

Abstract: The generation and consumption of biodiesel from a variety of sources can effectively reduce the demand for fossil fuels and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. However, biodiesel’s high oxides of nitrogen emissions to the atmosphere not only impact the respiratory systems of humans but also produce ground-level ozone and acid rain. The inclusion of water emulsion in biodiesel is an intriguing approach for more efficient and cleaner production. It has garnered significant attention over the past few years due to its potential to reduce overall emissions from fuel combustion and enhance energy performance. Extending the emulsion stability, controlling the physicochemical properties, and preventing engine component failure due to vibration are, however, the greatest challenges associated with the real-time implementation of water-biodiesel emulsion fuels. Therefore, it is essential to thoroughly examine and comprehend the biodiesel-water emulsion formation technologies, fuel characteristics, combustion performance, and emissions behaviour of distinct biodiesels with different fuel modifications. The present article also examined the advanced aspects of water-biodiesel emulsion fuel formation, such as surfactant-free emulsion, pre-heated water emulsion, and green emulsion, as well as the advanced aspects of combustion quality enhancement, such as the inclusion of nanofluids and chemical additives, and the optimisation tools specified for the water-biodiesel emulsion fuel domain for efficient and leaner production. The study proposes to carry out additional research on the economic analysis of water-biodiesel emulsion, the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly nanoparticles, the comprehensive combustion analysis of chemical additives, and the failure and vibration analysis of engine components.

Keywords: Biodiesel; Water-biodiesel emulsion; Engine characteristics; Emulsion formation; Chemical additives; Optimisation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113704

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