Hydrogen aircraft and airport safety

U. Schmidtchen, E. Behrend, H.-W. Pohl and N. Rostek

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 1997, vol. 1, issue 4, 239-269

Abstract: Hydrogen will be used as aviation fuel in the foreseeable future. First flight tests with a hydrogen demonstrator aircraft, currently under investigation in the scope of the German-Russian Cryoplane project, are scheduled for 1999. Regular service with regional aircraft may begin around 2005, followed by larger Airbus-type airliners around 2010-2015. The fuel storage aboard such airliners will be of the order of 15 t or roughly 200 m3 LH2. This paper investigates a number of safety problems associated with the handling and air transport of so much hydrogen. The same is done for the infrastructure on the airport. Major risks are identified, and appropriate measures in design and operation are recommended. It is found that hydrogen aircraft are no more dangerous than conventional ones--safer in some respects. Many risks can be avoided by suitable constructive measures, and the rest are bearable. The real challenge lies with the dimensions of the installations on the airfields which will become necessary when hydrogen aircraft become common.

Date: 1997
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