A scoping review on electric vehicle charging strategies with a technical, social, and regulatory feasibility evaluation

K. Christensen, Z.G. Ma and B.N. Jørgensen

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2025, vol. 211, issue C

Abstract: The growing use of electric vehicles presents a challenge of grid overload due to simultaneous, large-scale charging. Implementing smart charging strategies, which require careful consideration of unique regional conditions, isn't straightforward. Additionally, a systematic method for assessing strategy feasibility based on local needs is missing in the current literature, hindering effective deployment. Therefore, this study conducts a comprehensive exploration and evaluation of smart electric vehicle charging strategies with the scoping review and multi-criteria evaluation methods to critically investigate existing smart electric vehicle charging strategies, and assesses their feasibility of implementation in specific regional contexts, using Denmark's electric vehicle home charging as a case study. The scoping review is based on 95 full-text articles and analyzes 43 commonly discussed electric vehicle charging strategies, with most literature focusing on real-time pricing and time-of-use pricing strategies. We categorize electric vehicle charging strategies into four key dimensions: charging architecture, data requirements, intelligence level, and applied methods. Of the 27 identified methods, linear programming and the heuristic method are most prevalently utilized, showing a close correlation between data requirement levels and the chosen methods. Literature reflects a discourse on both operational and monetary objectives of electric vehicle charging strategies from the vantage point of grid operators, aggregators, and electric vehicle users. The results from the multi-criteria feasibility evaluation of the Danish case show that time-of-use pricing, real-time pricing, and timed charging strategies rank among the seven most feasible strategies for electric vehicle home charging in Denmark.

Keywords: Electric vehicle; Smart charging; Charging strategy; Charging algorithm; State-of-the-art; Feasibility evaluation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.115300

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