Steering towards carbon neutral transportation practices: A comprehensive analysis of the challenges confronting the shipping industry in Sri Lanka

Irfan Nizar, Sudath Manjula Amarasena and P. Priyantha Lalanie

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2025, vol. 215, issue C

Abstract: The shipping industry remains a vital cog in the global trade but contributes approximately 3 % of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, making it a key target for decarbonization. This study examines the challenges and opportunities in transitioning Sri Lanka's shipping sector toward carbon-neutral practices, leveraging its position as a strategic maritime hub in South Asia. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research explores the feasibility of alternative fuels such as H2, nuclear energy, NH3, CH3OH, liquid Natural Gas (LNG), and biofuels, alongside renewable energy integration and emission monitoring systems in port operations. Findings highlight significant barriers, including technological limitations, policy gaps, financial constraints, and insufficient stakeholder collaboration. Despite these challenges, the study proposes actionable solutions, including policy reforms, investments in low-emission technologies, and enhanced international partnerships. A 15-year roadmap aligns Sri Lanka's maritime operations with global climate goals, offering practical strategies like financial incentives and regulatory alignment. The study supports United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) such as SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 14 (Life Below Water), and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals). These findings provide a valuable blueprint for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers, paving the way for sustainable transformation in Sri Lanka's maritime sector and offering insights applicable to other developing nations.

Keywords: Carbon neutrality; Shipping industry; Greenhouse gas emissions; Sustainable development goals; Technological innovation; Alternative fuels; Renewable energy integration; Sri Lanka; Climate change mitigation; Maritime policy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.115576

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