Testing the stationarity of CO2 emissions series in Sub-Saharan African countries by incorporating nonlinearity and smooth breaks

Aviral Tiwari, Phouphet Kyophilavong and Claudiu Albulescu ()

Research in International Business and Finance, 2016, vol. 37, issue C, 527-540

Abstract: We examine the stationarity properties of per capita CO2 emissions for 35 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa covering the period of 1960–2009. For this examination, we use a nonlinear time series and panel unit root tests. Becker et al.’s (2006) test statistic demonstrates that nonlinearity exists in our data and hence should be incorporated in a test for the unit root. Further, Becker et al.’s (2006) test shows evidence of mean reversion in the per capita CO2 emissions for 27 of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, when we use a panel unit root test with a SPSM procedure, we find that the per capita CO2 emissions for 15 of these countries are stationary. Moreover, when we add a Fourier function to the panel unit root test, we find evidence of stationarity in the per capita CO2 emissions series for all of the 35 countries analyzed.

Keywords: Per capita CO2 emissions; Sub-Saharan Africa; Nonlinearity; Smooth breaks (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C22 C23 Q50 Q58 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:riibaf:v:37:y:2016:i:c:p:527-540

DOI: 10.1016/j.ribaf.2016.01.005

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