Organizational foundations and closures in a regulated environment: Swedish commercial banks 1831-1990

Reinhold Bergström, Lars Engwall and Eva Wallerstedt

Scandinavian Journal of Management, 1994, vol. 10, issue 1, 29-48

Abstract: This study analyses the foundations and closures of the total population of Swedish commercial banks, 1831-1990. With reference to the comparatively rigid control of entries and exits in banking, four hypotheses are formulated: (1) acquisitions constitute the principal method of closure in banking; (2) the early years are less hazardous for members of the banking industry than for members of other industries; (3) the survival rates of banks are negatively related to the freedom of bank operations; and (4) the survival rates of banks are negatively related to the degree to which customer relationships already exist. The analysis provides evidence supporting the four hypotheses.

Date: 1994
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