Longitudinal associations between intersectional stigmas, antiretroviral therapy adherence, and viral load among women living with HIV using multidimensional latent transition item response analysis

Andrea Norcini-Pala, Kristi L. Stringer, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Deborah Konkle-Parker, Tracey E. Wilson, Phyllis C. Tien, Gina Wingood, Torsten B. Neilands, Mallory O. Johnson, Sheri D. Weiser, Carmen H. Logie, Elizabeth F. Topper, Janet M. Turan and Bulent Turan

Social Science & Medicine, 2025, vol. 366, issue C

Abstract: In the US, Women, especially Black and Latina women living in disadvantaged environments, are disproportionally affected by HIV. Women living with HIV (WLHIV) have higher rates of suboptimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, and detectable viral load (VL). Experiences of intersectional poverty, HIV, gender, and racial stigmas may increase the rates of detectable VL through suboptimal ART adherence.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117643

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