Is AI intelligent? An assessment of artificial intelligence, 70 years after Turing

Christian Hugo Hoffmann

Technology in Society, 2022, vol. 68, issue C

Abstract: 70 years ago Turing (1950, 1952), showcased his famous Imitation Game, which has come to be better known as the Turing Test. It proposed an evaluation procedure of intelligence in machines. The passage of time is perhaps reason enough to prompt the broad question: where do we stand today with regards to assessing intelligence in Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems? In this paper, we first contribute to more conceptual clarity by asking ourselves what AI and intelligence in AI is, and by comparing our answers to the latter to animal and human intelligence. We then aim to grasp the gist of the matter when we revisit Turing's proposal, criticize it, and finally inject basic requirements for a more robust and valid approach to evaluate AI systems in the future. In contrast to the standard Turing Test, which is neither valid nor robust, we propose that a measure or test of (machine) intelligence ought to lead to actionable as well as thriving research. Furthermore, the measure or test should be empirical, specific, relevant, expansive (for the specified scope), repeatable, solvable by exemplars, unpredictable, non-anthropomorphic, and, last but not least, non-binary.

Keywords: Intelligence; AI; Turing; Turing test; Artificial general intelligence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:teinso:v:68:y:2022:i:c:s0160791x22000343

DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101893

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