Unleashing the potential of online learning in Spain: An econometric analysis

Rafael Lopez, Angel Valarezo Unda and Teodosio Pérez-Amaral

Telecommunications Policy, 2023, vol. 47, issue 6

Abstract: Online learning and training continue gaining momentum worldwide resulting in the reduction of the traditional form of face-to-face education with its temporal and spatial limitations. Online education improves access to education and training, as witnessed during the Covid-19 pandemic. This article focuses on online education adoption in Spain. A representative survey on ICT use in households conducted annually by the Spanish National Institute of Statistics is used to construct a panel database for the years 2008–2020. The first objective is to provide an econometric model for adopting online education using this panel data. Next is to measure the effects of relevant observable individual socioeconomic variables on adoption. A Heckman selection model allows for estimating the impact of gender, age, education, digital skills, habitat, and income. The article also measures the effects of Covid-19 in 2020 on different population groups. The drivers and impediments have the expected signs and plausible sizes. The paper concludes with policy recommendations and suggestions for further research.

Keywords: E-learning adoption; Online education; Digital skills; Linear probability model; Logistic model; Heckman model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C30 L86 L96 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2023.102544

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