Transit line extension design considering the connection of shared autonomous vehicles under demand uncertainties

Jiaqi Yang, Kun An, Hai L. Vu and Wanjing Ma

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2025, vol. 196, issue C

Abstract: The transit system (metro, bus rapid transit et al.) usually serves as the backbone of the urban transport system, which calls for prudent planning for its construction. With the advancement of self-driving mobility, shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) will play an important role in public transportation services in the future. It can also provide additional support for mass transit, solving the first and last mile (FMLM) problems for passengers. In this study, we have developed a two-stage stochastic program for the joint optimization of the transit line extension deployment in conjunction with SAVs. The SAVs are utilized for FMLM services and can engage in carpooling for improved efficiency. The objective is to minimize the total system costs consisting of transit construction costs, SAVs operation costs, and passenger travel time costs. By solving this model through a customized algorithm, the optimal transit line design, as well as the SAV shuttling and relocation scheme, can be obtained. The model’s performance is tested on the west extension of Shanghai Line 14. The results demonstrate that our model exhibits favorable performance, particularly in the case of carpooling. Managerial insights and policy suggestions are also provided.

Keywords: Transit line extension; First and last mile problem; Shared autonomous vehicles; Demand uncertainty (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2025.104495

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