How do regulations and safety perceptions affect the willingness to use e-scooters?

Ely Izquierdo-Herazo, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, Margareth Gutiérrez, Raúl Ramos and Víctor Cantillo

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2026, vol. 204, issue C

Abstract: The growing popularity of electric scooters has been accompanied by discussions about the regulations needed to reduce the externalities associated with their use. This study analyzes the influence of regulations and perceptions of road unsafety on the willingness to use e-scooters. For this purpose, we developed a hybrid discrete choice model (HCM). The model links sociodemographic characteristics and regulations on operational attributes using data from a stated preference survey conducted in Bogotá, Colombia. The influence of regulations is mixed. Results suggest that road safety measures, such as mandatory helmet use and restricting e-scooters circulation to bike lanes and streets (banning them from pedestrian walkways), increase the willingness to use e-scooters. In contrast, parking restrictions, high fares, and the imposition of fines for violations negatively impact the intention to use e-scooters. Furthermore, perceptions of road unsafety negatively influenced the willingness to use e-scooters. A significant interaction was observed between perceptions of road unsafety and regulations, suggesting a greater acceptance of these policies among individuals who perceived e-scooters as unsafe.

Keywords: e-Scooters; Micromobility; Dockless; Perceptions; Regulations (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2025.104828

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