Multiperiod line planning coordinately of urban rail transit by considering inter-period rolling stock connections

Fei Yan, Xiangming Yao, Mei Han, Peng Zhao and Chao Chen

Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2025, vol. 197, issue C

Abstract: Traditional rail transit line planning concentrates on a single period (e.g., an hour), which ignores plan synchronization and potentially results in unavailability of rolling stocks between periods. A multiperiod line planning (MLP) method is proposed to create a coordinated and efficient full-day line plan. To represent plan coordination between periods, a macro and special train connection network is constructed to describe the dynamic transfer process of inter-period rolling stock from one train route to another. A bi-level optimization model based on the connection network is developed. The upper level formulates MLP problem with rolling stock connections as a mixed integer linear model, and constructs a descent direction search by considering the optimality conditions of the lower-level problem. The lower level is a passenger flow assignment problem, solved using a label-setting algorithm. Finally, an empirical investigation of Beijing subway line 1 is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that the multiperiod coordination plan effectively saves operation cost by 13.6% and passenger travel time by 3.45%, compared to the actual line plan. Besides, the impacts of rolling stock connections on multiperiod line plans become significant when system capacity is tight.

Keywords: Line planning; Urban rail transit; Bilevel optimization model; Multiple periods; Rolling stock connections (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1016/j.tre.2025.104084

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