 Environmental enforcement and compliance in developing countries: Evidence from IndiaShreekant Gupta, Shalini Saksena and Omer F. Baris World Development, 2019, vol. 117, issue C, 313-327 Abstract: Effective implementation of environmental regulations is an important concern for emerging economies that face serious environmental degradation. In this paper we analyze compliance and enforcement of environmental regulations in India. In particular, we model: (i) plant-level compliance with water and air pollution control laws in the state of Punjab, and (ii) the decisions of the regulatory agency, namely, the Punjab Pollution Control Board to enforce these laws through inspections and other administrative actions. The two decisions are interrelated. For a sample of 117 large water polluting plants and 109 large air polluting plants the probability of inspection influences plant-level compliance and vice versa. We also find enforcement activity is targeted towards frequent violators. Plants that belong to dirty industries are more stringently monitored but those belonging to more profitable firms less so. Plants with high abatement costs and those that are new comply less frequently. Keywords: Pollution; Environmental enforcement; Inspection; Monitoring; Asia; India (search for similar items in EconPapers) Downloads: (external link) Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:117:y:2019:i:c:p:313-327 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.02.001 Access Statistics for this article World Development is currently edited by O. T. Coomes More articles in World Development from Elsevier |
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